Axios is a promise-based HTTP client for the browser and Node.js. It provides an easy-to-use API for sending asynchronous HTTP requests to REST endpoints and performing CRUD operations. It can be used to make XMLHttpRequests from the browser or HTTP requests from Node.js, supports the Promise API, and provides a way to intercept request and response, transform request and response data, and cancel requests.
Performing GET requests
This feature allows you to perform a GET request to retrieve data from a specified resource.
axios.get('/user?ID=12345').then(function (response) { console.log(response); }).catch(function (error) { console.log(error); });Performing POST requests
This feature allows you to perform a POST request to send data to a server to create/update a resource.
axios.post('/user', { firstName: 'Fred', lastName: 'Flintstone' }).then(function (response) { console.log(response); }).catch(function (error) { console.log(error); });Performing concurrent requests
This feature allows you to make multiple requests simultaneously.
axios.all([axios.get('/user/12345'), axios.get('/user/67890')]).then(axios.spread(function (acct, perms) { console.log(acct, perms); }));Interceptors
This feature allows you to intercept requests or responses before they are handled by then or catch.
axios.interceptors.request.use(function (config) { config.headers.Authorization = AUTH_TOKEN; return config; }, function (error) { return Promise.reject(error); });Creating instances
This feature allows you to create a new instance of axios with custom config defaults.
const instance = axios.create({ baseURL: 'https://api.example.com' }); instance.get('/users').then(function (response) { console.log(response); });The Fetch API provides a JavaScript interface for accessing and manipulating parts of the HTTP pipeline, such as requests and responses. It is a modern alternative to XMLHttpRequest and is native to modern browsers. Unlike axios, it is not based on promises by default but can be used with promises.
Superagent is a light-weight progressive ajax API crafted for flexibility, readability, and a low learning curve after being frustrated with many of the existing request APIs. It is similar to axios but with a different API design and chainable methods.
Got is a human-friendly and powerful HTTP request library for Node.js. It is designed to be a simpler and more performant alternative to Node's native http module. Got offers stream support, promise APIs, and advanced features like retries and timeouts.
Request is a simplified HTTP request client 'simplified' with many features. It is one of the most popular HTTP client libraries but has been deprecated as of February 2020. It had a callback-based API, which is different from axios's promise-based API.
node-fetch is a light-weight module that brings the Fetch API to Node.js. It is an implementation of the window.fetch function for Node.js, aiming to provide a consistent API with the browser's fetch function. It is similar to axios in terms of promise-based requests but follows the Fetch API standard.
Promise based HTTP client for the browser and node.js
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| Latest ✔ | Latest ✔ | Latest ✔ | Latest ✔ | Latest ✔ | 8+ ✔ |
Using npm:
$ npm install axios
Using bower:
$ bower install axios
Using cdn:
<script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
Performing a GET request
// Make a request for a user with a given ID
axios.get('/user?ID=12345')
.then(function (response) {
console.log(response);
})
.catch(function (error) {
console.log(error);
});
// Optionally the request above could also be done as
axios.get('/user', {
params: {
ID: 12345
}
})
.then(function (response) {
console.log(response);
})
.catch(function (error) {
console.log(error);
});
Performing a POST request
axios.post('/user', {
firstName: 'Fred',
lastName: 'Flintstone'
})
.then(function (response) {
console.log(response);
})
.catch(function (error) {
console.log(error);
});
Performing multiple concurrent requests
function getUserAccount() {
return axios.get('/user/12345');
}
function getUserPermissions() {
return axios.get('/user/12345/permissions');
}
axios.all([getUserAccount(), getUserPermissions()])
.then(axios.spread(function (acct, perms) {
// Both requests are now complete
}));
Requests can be made by passing the relevant config to axios.
// Send a POST request
axios({
method: 'post',
url: '/user/12345',
data: {
firstName: 'Fred',
lastName: 'Flintstone'
}
});
// Send a GET request (default method)
axios('/user/12345');
For convenience aliases have been provided for all supported request methods.
When using the alias methods url, method, and data properties don't need to be specified in config.
Helper functions for dealing with concurrent requests.
You can create a new instance of axios with a custom config.
var instance = axios.create({
baseURL: 'https://some-domain.com/api/',
timeout: 1000,
headers: {'X-Custom-Header': 'foobar'}
});
The available instance methods are listed below. The specified config will be merged with the instance config.
These are the available config options for making requests. Only the url is required. Requests will default to GET if method is not specified.
{
// `url` is the server URL that will be used for the request
url: '/user',
// `method` is the request method to be used when making the request
method: 'get', // default
// `baseURL` will be prepended to `url` unless `url` is absolute.
// It can be convenient to set `baseURL` for an instance of axios to pass relative URLs
// to methods of that instance.
baseURL: 'https://some-domain.com/api/',
// `transformRequest` allows changes to the request data before it is sent to the server
// This is only applicable for request methods 'PUT', 'POST', and 'PATCH'
// The last function in the array must return a string, an ArrayBuffer, or a Stream
transformRequest: [function (data) {
// Do whatever you want to transform the data
return data;
}],
// `transformResponse` allows changes to the response data to be made before
// it is passed to then/catch
transformResponse: [function (data) {
// Do whatever you want to transform the data
return data;
}],
// `headers` are custom headers to be sent
headers: {'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest'},
// `params` are the URL parameters to be sent with the request
// Must be a plain object or a URLSearchParams object
params: {
ID: 12345
},
// `paramsSerializer` is an optional function in charge of serializing `params`
// (e.g. https://www.npmjs.com/package/qs, http://api.jquery.com/jquery.param/)
paramsSerializer: function(params) {
return Qs.stringify(params, {arrayFormat: 'brackets'})
},
// `data` is the data to be sent as the request body
// Only applicable for request methods 'PUT', 'POST', and 'PATCH'
// When no `transformRequest` is set, must be of one of the following types:
// - string, plain object, ArrayBuffer, ArrayBufferView, URLSearchParams
// - Browser only: FormData, File, Blob
// - Node only: Stream
data: {
firstName: 'Fred'
},
// `timeout` specifies the number of milliseconds before the request times out.
// If the request takes longer than `timeout`, the request will be aborted.
timeout: 1000,
// `withCredentials` indicates whether or not cross-site Access-Control requests
// should be made using credentials
withCredentials: false, // default
// `adapter` allows custom handling of requests which makes testing easier.
// Return a promise and supply a valid response (see [response docs](#response-api)).
adapter: function (config) {
/* ... */
},
// `auth` indicates that HTTP Basic auth should be used, and supplies credentials.
// This will set an `Authorization` header, overwriting any existing
// `Authorization` custom headers you have set using `headers`.
auth: {
username: 'janedoe',
password: 's00pers3cret'
},
// `responseType` indicates the type of data that the server will respond with
// options are 'arraybuffer', 'blob', 'document', 'json', 'text', 'stream'
responseType: 'json', // default
// `xsrfCookieName` is the name of the cookie to use as a value for xsrf token
xsrfCookieName: 'XSRF-TOKEN', // default
// `xsrfHeaderName` is the name of the http header that carries the xsrf token value
xsrfHeaderName: 'X-XSRF-TOKEN', // default
// `onUploadProgress` allows handling of progress events for uploads
onUploadProgress: function (progressEvent) {
// Do whatever you want with the native progress event
},
// `onDownloadProgress` allows handling of progress events for downloads
onDownloadProgress: function (progressEvent) {
// Do whatever you want with the native progress event
},
// `maxContentLength` defines the max size of the http response content allowed
maxContentLength: 2000,
// `validateStatus` defines whether to resolve or reject the promise for a given
// HTTP response status code. If `validateStatus` returns `true` (or is set to `null`
// or `undefined`), the promise will be resolved; otherwise, the promise will be
// rejected.
validateStatus: function (status) {
return status >= 200 && status < 300; // default
},
// `maxRedirects` defines the maximum number of redirects to follow in node.js.
// If set to 0, no redirects will be followed.
maxRedirects: 5, // default
// `httpAgent` and `httpsAgent` define a custom agent to be used when performing http
// and https requests, respectively, in node.js. This allows to configure options like
// `keepAlive` that are not enabled by default.
httpAgent: new http.Agent({ keepAlive: true }),
httpsAgent: new https.Agent({ keepAlive: true }),
// 'proxy' defines the hostname and port of the proxy server
// `auth` indicates that HTTP Basic auth should be used to connect to the proxy, and supplies credentials.
// This will set an `Proxy-Authorization` header, overwriting any existing `Proxy-Authorization` custom headers you have set using `headers`.
proxy: {
host: '127.0.0.1',
port: 9000,
auth: : {
username: 'mikeymike',
password: 'rapunz3l'
}
},
// `cancelToken` specifies a cancel token that can be used to cancel the request
// (see Cancellation section below for details)
cancelToken: new CancelToken(function (cancel) {
})
}
The response for a request contains the following information.
{
// `data` is the response that was provided by the server
data: {},
// `status` is the HTTP status code from the server response
status: 200,
// `statusText` is the HTTP status message from the server response
statusText: 'OK',
// `headers` the headers that the server responded with
headers: {},
// `config` is the config that was provided to `axios` for the request
config: {}
}
When using then, you will receive the response as follows:
axios.get('/user/12345')
.then(function(response) {
console.log(response.data);
console.log(response.status);
console.log(response.statusText);
console.log(response.headers);
console.log(response.config);
});
When using catch, or passing a rejection callback as second parameter of then, the response will be available through the error object as explained in the Handling Errors section.
You can specify config defaults that will be applied to every request.
axios.defaults.baseURL = 'https://api.example.com';
axios.defaults.headers.common['Authorization'] = AUTH_TOKEN;
axios.defaults.headers.post['Content-Type'] = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded';
// Set config defaults when creating the instance
var instance = axios.create({
baseURL: 'https://api.example.com'
});
// Alter defaults after instance has been created
instance.defaults.headers.common['Authorization'] = AUTH_TOKEN;
Config will be merged with an order of precedence. The order is library defaults found in lib/defaults.js, then defaults property of the instance, and finally config argument for the request. The latter will take precedence over the former. Here's an example.
// Create an instance using the config defaults provided by the library
// At this point the timeout config value is `0` as is the default for the library
var instance = axios.create();
// Override timeout default for the library
// Now all requests will wait 2.5 seconds before timing out
instance.defaults.timeout = 2500;
// Override timeout for this request as it's known to take a long time
instance.get('/longRequest', {
timeout: 5000
});
You can intercept requests or responses before they are handled by then or catch.
// Add a request interceptor
axios.interceptors.request.use(function (config) {
// Do something before request is sent
return config;
}, function (error) {
// Do something with request error
return Promise.reject(error);
});
// Add a response interceptor
axios.interceptors.response.use(function (response) {
// Do something with response data
return response;
}, function (error) {
// Do something with response error
return Promise.reject(error);
});
If you may need to remove an interceptor later you can.
var myInterceptor = axios.interceptors.request.use(function () {/*...*/});
axios.interceptors.request.eject(myInterceptor);
You can add interceptors to a custom instance of axios.
var instance = axios.create();
instance.interceptors.request.use(function () {/*...*/});
axios.get('/user/12345')
.catch(function (error) {
if (error.response) {
// The request was made, but the server responded with a status code
// that falls out of the range of 2xx
console.log(error.response.data);
console.log(error.response.status);
console.log(error.response.headers);
} else {
// Something happened in setting up the request that triggered an Error
console.log('Error', error.message);
}
console.log(error.config);
});
You can define a custom HTTP status code error range using the validateStatus config option.
axios.get('/user/12345', {
validateStatus: function (status) {
return status < 500; // Reject only if the status code is greater than or equal to 500
}
})
You can cancel a request using a cancel token.
The axios cancel token API is based on the cancelable promises proposal, which is currently at Stage 1.
You can create a cancel token using the CancelToken.source factory as shown below:
var CancelToken = axios.CancelToken;
var source = CancelToken.source();
axios.get('/user/12345', {
cancelToken: source.token
}).catch(function(thrown) {
if (axios.isCancel(thrown)) {
console.log('Request canceled', thrown.message);
} else {
// handle error
}
});
// cancel the request (the message parameter is optional)
source.cancel('Operation canceled by the user.');
You can also create a cancel token by passing an executor function to the CancelToken constructor:
var CancelToken = axios.CancelToken;
var cancel;
axios.get('/user/12345', {
cancelToken: new CancelToken(function executor(c) {
// An executor function receives a cancel function as a parameter
cancel = c;
})
});
// cancel the request
cancel();
Note: you can cancel several requests with the same cancel token.
By default, axios serializes JavaScript objects to JSON. To send data in the application/x-www-form-urlencoded format instead, you can use one of the following options.
In a browser, you can use the URLSearchParams API as follows:
var params = new URLSearchParams();
params.append('param1', 'value1');
params.append('param2', 'value2');
axios.post('/foo', params);
Note that
URLSearchParamsis not supported by all browsers, but there is a polyfill available (make sure to polyfill the global environment).
Alternatively, you can encode data using the qs library:
var qs = require('qs');
axios.post('/foo', qs.stringify({ 'bar': 123 });
In node.js, you can use the querystring module as follows:
var querystring = require('querystring');
axios.post('http://something.com/', querystring.stringify({ foo: 'bar' });
You can also use the qs library.
Until axios reaches a 1.0 release, breaking changes will be released with a new minor version. For example 0.5.1, and 0.5.4 will have the same API, but 0.6.0 will have breaking changes.
axios depends on a native ES6 Promise implementation to be supported. If your environment doesn't support ES6 Promises, you can polyfill.
axios includes TypeScript definitions.
import axios from 'axios';
axios.get('/user?ID=12345');
axios is heavily inspired by the $http service provided in Angular. Ultimately axios is an effort to provide a standalone $http-like service for use outside of Angular.
MIT
FAQs
Promise based HTTP client for the browser and node.js
The npm package axios receives a total of 37,137,984 weekly downloads. As such, axios popularity was classified as popular.
We found that axios demonstrated a healthy version release cadence and project activity because the last version was released less than a year ago. It has 0 open source maintainers collaborating on the project.
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